That is why the Non-Proliferation Treaty essentially was founded on this solid assumption that no one should have nuclear weapons. Accordingly, non-nuclear-weapon States undertook not to acquire them, and nuclear-weapon States undertook to dismantle their nuclear weapons. While the non-nuclear-weapon States have kept their promises, unfortunately, it is for well over 55 years that nuclear-weapon States are in clear non-compliance with their explicit and unconditional nuclear disarmament obligations under the Treaty’s Article VI. The worst is that, in recent years, some of them have started a new unprecedented and alarming nuclear arms race and new nuclear arms modernization race. By any measure, these acts are unlawful and seriously endanger international peace and security. Accordingly, one of the main priorities of the 2026 NPT Review Conference must be to take a decisive practical and time bound decision on the full and effective realization of the nuclear disarmament objective at the earliest possible time. At a time when the public and official threat to use nuclear weapons against even a besieged civilian population is becoming normal, the existence of even one nuclear weapon must not be tolerated anymore. Otherwise, the whole of humanity would pay the price.