Statement by the delegation of the Islamic Republic of Iran before the 65th Session of the Legal Subcommittee of COPUOS Agenda Item 9: General exchange of views on potential legal models for activities in the exploration, exploitation and utilization of space resources. (Vienna - 20 April 2026) بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم Mr. Chairman, My delegation is of the view that the exploration, extraction, and utilization of space resources should be carried out within the established framework of international space law, ensuring transparency, fairness, and inclusive multilateral cooperation. In this regard, Article I and II of the Outer Space Treaty (OST) clearly affirm that outer space, including celestial bodies, is not subject to national appropriation by any means, whether by states, private entities, or individuals. The issue of disparities in technological and economic capabilities among states remains an important consideration. At present, only a limited number of countries possess the means to engage in space resource extraction, which may affect equitable access and participation by other states. In this context, it is important to reaffirm that space resources should be utilized in a manner that benefits all humankind. Enhancing international cooperation, promoting the sharing of knowledge and technology, supporting capacity-building initiatives, and encouraging joint research and development efforts can play a meaningful role in addressing these disparities and fostering broader participation. My delegation expresses its appreciation for the efforts of the Working Group’s Chair, Professor Freeland, in advancing the development of draft principles for space resources activities. We believe that addressing both the opportunities and challenges in this field requires the international community to continue working toward the eventual establishment of a comprehensive and legally binding framework for the governance of space resource activities. With further refinement, the draft principles prepared by the Chair of the Working Group may serve as a useful and constructive basis for continued discussions. We remain committed to engaging actively and constructively in the deliberations of the Working Group. Thank you Mr. Chairman.